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6歲前寫字不利發(fā)育？孩子多大開始學(xué)寫字最好？(4)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2015-07-14 09:55:40編輯：Chen

首先，在一個(gè)鼓勵(lì)孩子探索語言文字的環(huán)境，孩子一旦掌握了基本的文字規(guī)則，就會(huì)自發(fā)性的想辦法把它“寫出來”和實(shí)驗(yàn)“加減筆劃后又會(huì)怎樣”。比如，他想寫中文的“大”字，于是就先畫上面一條線，再以補(bǔ)線條的方式，從四面左右上下，補(bǔ)上短線。又比方說他會(huì)以正著、倒著、躺著、中間畫上七八道線條的方式，去實(shí)驗(yàn)英語大寫字母“E”的結(jié)構(gòu)。

這樣的探索，讓孩子有機(jī)會(huì)實(shí)驗(yàn)畫圖、寫字、符號(hào)、圖像、系統(tǒng)、運(yùn)筆方式、形狀等層層的互動(dòng)關(guān)系，對(duì)文字的知識(shí)了解，會(huì)是全面性的。

而“間接預(yù)備”是孩子經(jīng)過一段時(shí)間探索后，會(huì)逐漸意識(shí)到文字有約定俗成的筆順和構(gòu)造，而會(huì)有想“寫字”的動(dòng)機(jī)。一開始，你不妨先利用一些不需正式握筆的媒介，像沙盤，帶孩子用手指，以正確的筆順，譬如由左到右、上到下，寫一些簡(jiǎn)單的字形。這不但滿足了孩子的認(rèn)知需求，也奠下正規(guī)筆順的書寫基礎(chǔ)，而減少日后筆順錯(cuò)誤的困擾。

等到孩子的小肌肉成熟到能學(xué)習(xí)正規(guī)握筆寫字時(shí)，再逐步地讓他以筆練習(xí)書寫。但就算孩子成熟到已能握筆練習(xí)筆順，他仍會(huì)以探索的方式，探究語言文字的各項(xiàng)面貌和功能，比如他會(huì)以涂鴉的方式，模擬快速寫信的形像和行為，家長(zhǎng)應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)并贊賞他這樣的動(dòng)機(jī)。

當(dāng)幼兒成熟到想以聲音的符號(hào)來表達(dá)想法時(shí)，他們開始了口語的發(fā)展；

當(dāng)他們成熟到想組合線條，當(dāng)做符號(hào)來象徵實(shí)物和想法時(shí)，他們開始涂鴉，走上了正式的書寫發(fā)展。

了解幼兒想“寫字”的動(dòng)機(jī)，贊賞他在探索中對(duì)語文常識(shí)的每一步發(fā)現(xiàn)和體驗(yàn)，就不會(huì)把“寫字”簡(jiǎn)化成只是機(jī)械式的書寫動(dòng)作和寫國(guó)字或注音符號(hào)。

因此要不要教幼兒正規(guī)的握筆和寫字？年齡不是關(guān)卡，而應(yīng)看個(gè)別孩子的成熟度。

本文由媽媽育兒網(wǎng)（http://www.15thirdstreetblackrock.com/）小編編輯整理

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