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懷孕十六周

要點提示：當你進入懷孕第16周時，說明已經(jīng)進入十月懷胎的第四個月了哦。在這個孕周期的媽媽最想知道的事情就是：懷孕16周胎兒有多大，孕婦飲食要注意什么事項，要做什么檢查.....
懷孕十六周胎兒圖

寶寶發(fā)育與母體變化

胎兒的情況：

孕婦進入懷孕16周時，胎兒的身長大約為12厘米，體重達到了150克左右，在這個孕周期的肥兄長大小正好可以放在你的手掌里。他/她自己會在子宮中玩臍帶，可以不斷的吸入和呼出羊水了。

母體情況：

懷孕16周時，雖說孕媽媽的體形有些許變化，但是和上一周相比的區(qū)別不太大。但由于懷孕之后，孕媽媽的消化系統(tǒng)功能減弱，容易發(fā)生消化不良及便秘。由于已經(jīng)習慣懷孕的變化，敏感的媽媽開始感覺到胎動了，只是可能出現(xiàn)暫時記憶力減退的癥狀。

懷孕十六周重點關(guān)注

胎動什么時候開始：胎動是胎兒在子宮腔里的活動沖擊到子宮壁的動作,胎動次數(shù)多少、快慢、強弱等，?？梢灶A(yù)測胎兒在子宮中的安危情況。一般情況下懷孕滿4個月后，即從第5個月開始母體可明顯感到胎動，胎兒在子宮內(nèi)伸手、踢腿、沖擊子宮壁，這就是胎動。胎動的次數(shù)多少、快慢強弱等表示胎兒的安危。正常明顯胎動1小時不少于3—5次。12小時明顯胎動次數(shù)為30~40次以上。 >>>胎動是什么感覺?     >>>胎動辨別和男生女準嗎?

如何數(shù)胎動、胎動次數(shù)多少正常：胎動的強弱和次數(shù)，個體差異很大。胎動一般每小時3～5次，12小時內(nèi)胎動約為30～40次。有的12小時多達100次以上，有的只有30～40次。但只要胎動有規(guī)律，有節(jié)奏，變化曲線不大，都說明胎兒發(fā)育是正常的。正常情況下，一晝夜胎動強弱及次數(shù)有一定的變化，一天之中以早晨次數(shù)少，下午6點以后增多，晚上8～11點胎動最為活躍。 >>>胎動頻繁怎么辦？    >>> 懷孕四個月胎動頻繁怎么回事　

如何數(shù)胎動：建議孕媽媽在妊娠28周開始至臨產(chǎn)，要進行有規(guī)律的胎動監(jiān)控記錄。最好的時間規(guī)劃是每天上午8～9點，下午1～2點，晚上8～9點，各計數(shù)胎動1次，每次數(shù)1個小時，3次計數(shù)相加乘以4，就是12小時的胎動數(shù)。　　

如果每日3次計數(shù)有困難，可于每日臨睡前1小時計數(shù)1次，每天的檢測時間也應(yīng)該是固定的。然后將每日的數(shù)字記錄下來，描繪成曲線，這樣便于觀測胎動的變化情況，及時了解胎兒的安危情況。同時也為臨床醫(yī)生進行診斷提供了參考資料。計數(shù)胎動時，孕媽媽宜取左側(cè)臥位，環(huán)境要安靜，思想要集中，心情要平靜，以確保測量的數(shù)據(jù)準備。

本周飲食要點

懷孕16周需要什么營養(yǎng)？ 　　

從這月開始，胎寶寶開始迅速生長發(fā)育，每天需要大量營養(yǎng)素，盡量滿足胎兒及母體營養(yǎng)素存儲的需要，避免營養(yǎng)不良或缺乏的影響。避免過多脂肪和過分精細的飲食。 >>> 5種易致胎兒畸形的食物 孕婦要遠離 　　　

這個月準媽媽需要增加鋅的攝入量。準媽媽如果缺鋅，會影響胎寶寶在宮內(nèi)的生長，會使胎兒的腦、心臟等重要器官發(fā)育不良。缺鋅會造成孕媽咪味覺、嗅覺異常，食欲減退，消化和吸收功能不良，免疫力降低，這樣勢必造成胎兒宮內(nèi)發(fā)育遲緩。 >>>不能和鈣同吃的五種食物      >>>讓皮膚越來越光滑細嫩的孕婦美容食譜

富含鋅的食物有生蠔、牡蠣、肝臟、口蘑、芝麻、赤貝等，尤其在生蠔中含量尤其豐富。補鋅也要適量，每天膳食中鋅的補充量不宜超過45毫克。 >>>增強孕婦抵抗力 預(yù)防孕婦感冒的孕婦食譜 　　

懷孕16周飲食注意事項 　　

進入本月，孕婦的情況已經(jīng)大有改善，早孕的不適反應(yīng)基本消失，流產(chǎn)的危險也變得很小，但是對于飲食營養(yǎng)的關(guān)注則絲毫不能放松。此時應(yīng)該增加各種營養(yǎng)素攝入量，盡量滿足胎兒迅速生長及母體營養(yǎng)素存儲的需要，避免營養(yǎng)不良或缺乏對胎兒生長發(fā)育和母體健康的影響。 >>>孕婦不能吃哪些食物（孕婦哪些東西不能吃 ）？      >>>孕婦能吃韭菜嗎？

孕檢事項

在這之前，如果你一次孕期檢查都沒有做過的話，希望你買一本母嬰保健手冊，那里有許多孕期知識需要了解。你現(xiàn)在可以做唐氏篩查，了解是否胎兒有染色體異常，還可以做胎兒彩超，了解胎兒發(fā)育情況。還要做化驗：血常規(guī)、尿常規(guī)、肝功能、血糖、乙肝等。

>>> 孕期檢查準媽媽怎樣看血常規(guī)報告單？     >>> 胎兒體重計算器 胎兒b超體重計算器     >>>懷孕四個月胎兒圖（B超圖）

準爸爸必讀

為孕媽媽按摩吧！ 從16周到19周，胎寶寶的聽力形成，此時的胎寶寶就象一個小小“竊聽者”，準爸爸可以和孕媽媽一起每天跟胎兒說說話。而且準爸爸用手觸摸孕媽媽的腹部時，還能感覺到胎兒輕微的反應(yīng)。

>>>胚胎發(fā)育過程：圖解人類認識胎兒發(fā)育全過程      >>> 孕婦產(chǎn)檢 準爸全程“跟班”的好處多多

胎教提示

胎寶寶4個月后就有聽力，6個月后聽力和成人接近。音樂胎教可以從孕1 6周起，在胎寶寶覺醒時進行。每天做1～2次，每次15～20分鐘。隨孕周的遞增可適當延長時間，但不要超過30分鐘。 >>>音樂胎教的5大禁忌 孕媽必須緊記

選擇在胎兒覺醒有胎動時進行。 亦可使用胎教傳聲器，直接放在孕婦腹壁胎兒頭部的相應(yīng)部位，音量的大小可以根據(jù)成人隔著手掌聽到傳聲器中的音響強度，亦即相當于胎兒在子宮內(nèi)所能聽到的音響強度來調(diào)試。

腹壁厚的孕婦，音量可以稍大一些;腹壁薄的孕婦，音量應(yīng)適當小一些。胎教音樂的節(jié)奏宜平緩、流暢，不帶歌詞，樂曲的情調(diào)應(yīng)溫柔、甜美。 但要注意千萬不能把收錄機直接放在孕婦腹壁上給胎兒聽。 >>>胎教音樂每天10小時

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