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總是懷不上 都是人流惹的禍(2)

出處：媽媽育兒網 日期：2014-11-18 12:51:25 編輯：Chen

一項研究數(shù)據則有力地證明了這點：在我國，88.2%的不孕不育女性做過人流手術。

針對上述現(xiàn)狀，不免產生一些思考，該如何解決呢？總體上可歸納為以下二點：

【1】開展流產后關愛，降低重復流產的關鍵

開展“流產后關愛”(post-abortion care)已是當務之急。世界衛(wèi)生組織(WHO)已將“倡導科學避孕、加強流產后計劃生育服務”列入“促進生殖健康”優(yōu)先關注的領域。中華醫(yī)學會計劃生育學分會也向廣大醫(yī)務工作者和全社會發(fā)出“科學避孕，遠離人流”倡議書(2009年)，并形成了“人工流產后計劃生育服務指南”(2011年)。

因此，我們各級婦幼保健系統(tǒng)和計劃生育技術服務系統(tǒng)所提供的“安全流產”，不僅要體現(xiàn)在“流產手術和流產過程的安全化”上，還要體現(xiàn)在流產前和流產后的生殖關愛服務上，如免費避孕藥具的提供、意外妊娠預防的指導、流產前必要的體檢和貧血的治療、流產后避孕方法的知情選擇等，從而最大程度上避免和降低再次意外妊娠和重復流產。

 

【2】減少青春期人工流產，是我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)

WHO將10-24歲年齡段的人群稱為“青少年”，是童年向成人過渡的階段。近幾十年來，由于性成熟年齡提前與結婚年齡推遲、傳統(tǒng)觀念的淡化、意外妊娠風險意識的淡漠和避孕知識的缺乏等，“少女流產”和“少女媽媽”現(xiàn)象比以往更為多見，并已受到人們越來越多的關注。已有成功的經驗是開展“青春關愛教育”，具體措施是關愛“三步驟”：

①性教育、風險意識教育，以避免或推遲青少年性行為的起始時間；

②避孕知識、安全性行為教育，以減少意外妊娠和生殖道感染(包括STI和HIV)的發(fā)生；③安全流產和分娩服務，妥善解決已成事實，避免再次意外妊娠，幫助少女重新走上自立自強的人生道路。

總之，要減少我國整體人流數(shù)量不是一朝一夕的事，這需要一個過程。最后，我們要認真對待人工流產對女性生殖健康的傷害，最好的方法是預防意外妊娠，提高避孕意識。

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