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避孕環(huán) 對身體的傷害沒想象的恐怖！(3)

出處：媽媽育兒網 日期：2014-07-01 09:49:13 編輯：Chen

在美國婦產科協(xié)會（ACOG）2005年的指南里，明確指出宮內節(jié)育器可以提供安全、有效、可逆、長期的避孕效果，建議女性使用。2007年，美國婦產科協(xié)會召開題為“宮內節(jié)育器與青少年”的會議后，由美國疾病預防控制機構CDC和世界衛(wèi)生組織WHO共同建議擴大宮內節(jié)育器的使用人群，其中也包括18歲以下有性生活的女性和未產女性。

一些人對節(jié)育環(huán)是否會誘發(fā)子宮內膜癌存在顧慮，但是根據國外的流行病學研究，甚至觀察到宮內節(jié)育器有降低子宮內膜癌發(fā)病的作用，盡管具體的機制尚未闡明，但希望這個證據可以消除廣大女性的不安。

節(jié)育環(huán)致癌無根據

一些女性認為體內多了一個不屬于身體本身的東西，就有導致子宮內膜癌的風險。而關于節(jié)育器導致女性子宮癌的消息也時有出現(xiàn)。節(jié)育環(huán)導致子宮癌的說法是不了解避孕環(huán)原理導致的猜測，是沒有科學依據的。

上海市腫瘤研究所曾進行過“宮內節(jié)育器與子宮內膜癌病例對照研究”，結果顯示：絕境前后女性使用宮內節(jié)育器可能會降低子宮內膜癌的風險。（這一研究結果已發(fā)表在《中國公共衛(wèi)生》上）并且，宮內節(jié)育器可能有降低子宮內膜癌發(fā)病的作用，雖然具體的機制不是很清楚，但廣大女性確實沒必要感到恐慌。

釋放銅離子對人體無害

從原理上我們得知，節(jié)育器會導致局部的慢性炎癥反應，還會釋放其他物質，那么這些物質會對人體產生危害嗎？無論是惰性節(jié)育器還是活性節(jié)育器，并不是直接破壞子宮內膜，也不是像傳聞所說的那樣是依靠刮擦子宮壁造成流產來達到避孕的目的。

而是通過前列腺素、孕激素、銅離子等間接干擾受精卵的著床。“釋放的銅離子被子宮內膜吸收后，只會使局部的銅離子濃度增高，并不影響全身的銅離子濃度，也不會對人體其他部位產生危害。另外，產生無菌性炎癥是人體正常的排異反應，這種炎癥反應是輕微的，對人體自身也沒有害處。

”雖然節(jié)育環(huán)干擾了受精卵的著床，但子宮內膜依然按照正常的月經周期發(fā)展，摘環(huán)之后，并不影響妊娠。“此外，含孕激素的節(jié)育器還有治療疾病的作用。孕激素會使子宮肌安靜，能減少出血、痛經等不適。”專家認為，節(jié)育器是一種相對安全、有效、簡便、經濟、可逆的，也是比較提倡的一種避孕方法。“節(jié)育環(huán)的避孕率通常在80%~90%以上，推薦育齡婦女使用。”

本文由媽媽育兒網（http://www.15thirdstreetblackrock.com/）小編編輯整理

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