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孩子厭學的心理原因及對策(3)

出處：媽媽育兒網(wǎng)日期：2015-07-30 10:55:37編輯：Chen

二、學校教育因素

1，學生課業(yè)負擔過重

近年來，人們在對教育目的的理解上出現(xiàn)片面性，一些學校把基礎(chǔ)教育的功能狹隘化，以“應試教育”代替了全面發(fā)展的教育。

人們已習慣于考試考什么，老師教什么，上課滿堂灌，強迫學生死記硬背，靠做大量練習來提高質(zhì)量，課外加班加點來補缺補差，教師往往為搶時間，趕進度，犧牲了孩子的天性和本來可以健全的人格，個性受到嚴重的壓抑。

由于學生自控能力，學習自覺性等有限，這樣造成的直接后果，有的學生精神恍惚，產(chǎn)生學習焦慮癥，重負下的孩子習慣于被動應付，主動性，積極性和競爭能力差，對學科厭倦。

2，教師對學生的評價方式不當

有時，老師由于急躁的情緒或一時不冷靜說出一些過火的話，如：“你真是咱們班的害群之馬，我怎么會遇到你這樣的學生？” “你真是無藥可救了，還是回家自學去吧！” “你永遠也學不好，你要能及格，太陽就從西邊出來了！”

“對你講話就是對牛彈琴！”……這些定性的話，消極的斷言，嚴重傷害了學生的自尊心，使他們失去了努力改正缺點的勇氣和信心，使學生與老師產(chǎn)生對立情緒，自我否定，最終引發(fā)厭學癥。

三、學生本身的因素

1，缺乏良好的學習習慣和學習方法。不好的學習習慣和學習方法會給學生增加許多阻力，不斷的挫折感降低了學生的自信心，造成精神苦悶，久而久之對學習失去興趣。

就拿我自己作個例子：初一的時候物理考年級第一，學習勁頭十足，到了初三，物理試卷經(jīng)常一片空白，想到深更半夜也下不了筆，太痛苦了，后來就對物理徹底厭煩了，討厭上物理課，看到物理試卷就開始焦慮，就是所謂的厭學癥。

2，缺乏正確的學習目標和學習動機。很多學生將學習看成是完成父母老師交給的任務，缺乏內(nèi)在動力和興趣，不愿學習。

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